Pacific Meridional Modes without Equatorial Pacific Influence

Abstract Investigating Pacific Meridional Modes (PMM) without the influence of tropical variability is technically difficult if based on observations or fully coupled model simulations due to their overlapping spatial structures. To confront this issue, present study investigates both North (NPMM) and South PMM (SPMM) in terms associated atmospheric forcing response processes a mechanically decoupled climate simulation. In experiment, climatological wind stress prescribed over Pacific, which effectively removes dynamically (e.g., El Niño-Southern Oscillation). Interannual NPMM experiment forced not only by Oscillation, but also tripole (NPT) pattern internal variability, primarily forces decadal variability. SPMM partly Oscillation. turn, interannual can excite teleconnections Northern Hemisphere extratropics influencing meridional displacement intertropical convergence zone throughout whole year. Similarly, Southern extending/shrinking all seasons. Our results highlight new poleward pathway feed back extratropical climate, addition equatorward